The Victim of Victor Frankensteins Persistent Curiosity Essay

In Victor Frankenstein’s interest to find â€Å"the reason for age and life†, he makes something that turns into the survivor of his self-retention and unreasonable way (Segal). Following some understanding on the making of life, researcher Victor Frankenstein chooses to assume control over science and make an animal out of human dead bodies. It isn't until the animal springs up that Victor considers the astounding appearance of the animal that is before him. As Victor views the animal he has made, he ponders â€Å"Why, right then and there, did I not smother the flash of existence† (Shelley 138). With the acknowledgment that the animal really resembles a beast, Victor forsakes the animal and leaves him to the cruel suspicions of society. In spite of the fact that the animal utilizes a truly sympathetic and empathetic way, society will not recognize him in light of his savage appearance making him the survivor of Victor’s industrious interest. The rough conduct the animal depicts never permits him to accomplish the compassion he looks for and consequently never achieve the common love he so gravely wants. The animal states, â€Å"For while I decimated his expectations, I didn't fulfill my own wants. They were perpetually passionate longing for; still I wanted love and cooperation, and I was still spurned† (Shelley 224). In spite of the way that the animal is constrained to submit fierce acts, his viciousness makes Victor and Walton accept he isn't dependable. Along these lines, Victor Frankenstein rules against making the animal a mate and states: have you not as of now shewn a level of malevolence that ought to sensibly make me doubt you (149). Empathy is nearly animated in Walton: I was from the outset moved by the articulation o... ... to give him this warmth, he feels like he needs to scan for it himself. He is never allowed the chance to identify with another being, regardless of whether it was another animal, for example, himself. Regardless of his endeavors to accomplish a feeling of warmth, he neglects to do as such; along these lines, the animal turns into the survivor of this novel. Works Cited Bernatchez, Josh. Giant, Suffering, Subjectivity, and Sympathetic Community in Frankenstein and The Structure of Torture Science Fiction Studies 36.2 (2009): 205-16. Rpt. in 205-16. Scholastic Search Complete. Web. Segal, Howard. Victor and Victim. Victor and Victim 412.6850 (2001): 861. Rpt. in Nature. Scholastic Search Complete. Web. Yadav, Sachdev. Human Cloning: Perspectives, Ethical Issues and Legal Implications. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 2.1 (2011): 28-41. Scholastic Search Complete. Web.

Comparing Heart of Darkness and Wuthering Heights Essay -- Comparison

Similitudes between Heart of Darkness and Wuthering Heights  Despite the fact that Joseph Conrad's tale, Heart of Darkness, and Emily Bronte's, Wuthering Heights, were written in various period, they do in reality share a couple of similitudes.  Most importantly, Heart of Darkness and Wuthering Heights think about in the way that the two books draw on their particular writer's very own encounters. Emily Bronte, who wrote in the last Romantic Period yet in addition had qualities of Victorian authors, was left motherless at two years old and went through the majority of her time on earth with her dad and kin in Haworth, England. It was in this area that Emily initially encountered the fields that assume a basic job of her novel connecting Wuthering Heights with Thushcross Grange. The fields was the zone Heathcliff and Catherine would get away to when things were troublesome. Haworth was a town that was disconnected and encircled by moors a lot of like the setting of Wuthering Heights is depicted. Likewise, Emily Bronte matches her own life in the way where she makes motherless characters. For instance, Catherine and Hindley lose their mom at a youthful age just as Catherine in the end bites the dust leaving her young little gi rl, Catherine motherless. Joseph Conrad draws on his own individual  al encounters in his novel, Heart of Darkness. Joseph Conrad had consistently been enchanted with the open seas, maps, and strange regions of the African mainland. He was recruited by a British Company to work a little steamship on the African Congo. He went on this outing and keeping in mind that there started keeping diaries that would later turn into the reason for this novel.  Also, the writers of Wuthering Heights and Heart of Darkness both compose their books in the story fr... ...splendid and peppy inclination. It is valid for the two books, for each great there is a malevolence. In Wuthering Heights, the characters are matched. For example, two inverse family units and the differentiation of characters in Heathcliff versus Linton. We see the alliance of good sections terrible in Heart of Darkness, in the recognizable way where Conrad composes o  f the dark and the white. The basic tone of Heart of Darkness is the abuse of the British over the African locals in the Congo.  All in all, numerous years separate Wuthering Heights and Heart of Darkness. The current issues confronting these two writers were extraordinary, anyway they do have comparable methods of communicating to their perusers the message they plan to pass on.  Works Cited Bronte, Emily. Wuthering Heights Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness Gersh, Marianna. Heart of Darkness

Descartes - First Meditation Essay Example for Free

Descartes First Meditation Essay In the First Meditation, Descartes presents his philosophical undertaking, and he asserts that, so as to finish this task, he needs to place into addresses reality of every one of his convictions. Descartes shows that we can uncertainty of reality of every one of our convictions by two principle contentions, the Dream Argument and the Evil Genius contention. In the Dream Argument, Descartes talks about the faculties and how it can beguile. Descartes at that point makes reference to that when he is dreaming he can likewise detect genuine items, or if nothing else feels he can, causing him not have the option to recognize being snoozing and being wakeful. This is appeared in the statement from the First Meditation, â€Å"I see so clearly that there are no authoritative signs by which to recognize being wakeful from being snoozing. Accordingly, I am getting very bleary eyed, and this dazedness about persuades me that I am asleep† (19, Mediation One). Descartes additionally talks about the chance of the widespread dream, referencing that his entire life could in truth be a fantasy with no real world that you are conscious. Descartes makes reference to that fantasy pictures are pictures that we as of now involvement with our cognizant existence, they are pictures that we definitely know about. The pictures don’t fundamentally must be something we have seen before in light of the fact that it very well may be portions of genuine articles we definitely realize that make another picture we have not yet observed or experienced. The fantasy contention that Descartes speaks to deciphers the message that the faculties are not generally dependable, and we can without much of a stretch be tricked by them, in this manner, we ought not depend on our faculties to put together the entirety of our convictions with respect to. Presently proceeding onward to Descartes second contention, the Evil Genius contention, it infers that all that we think we know is in certainty false and we can't depend on our faculties. In The First Meditation, Descartes presents that God is acceptable, accordingly he would not trick the creatures he makes into accepting bogus things. If somebody somehow managed to have faith in this recommendation then he would realize that he can’t be tricked by anything. This is appeared in Descartes quote â€Å"But maybe God has not willed that I be misled thusly, for he is supposed to be remarkably acceptable. Regardless, on the off chance that it were disgusting to his integrity to have made me with the end goal that I be bamboozled constantly, it would likewise appear to be unfamiliar to that equivalent goodness to allow me to be deluded even occasionally† (21 Meditation One). Then again, Descartes makes reference to that there are a few people who accept there is no God, on the off chance that this is the perspective to be taken, at that point there would be an exceptionally large probability in us being bamboozled. The explanation behind this hypothesis is because of the contention Descartes presents that if there is nothing but bad our faculties would not be impeccable since it would not have been made by an ideal being, for example, God. This is appeared in Descartes quote, â€Å"But in light of the fact that being misdirected and being mixed up seem, by all accounts, to be a sure flaw, the less amazing they take the creator of my starting point to be, the more likely it will be that I am defective to such an extent that I am consistently deceived† (21 Mediation One). Toward the finish of the First Meditation, Descartes considers it to be difficult to prevent from pondering these speculations, he at that point attempts to accept that his feelings are false. Descartes does this for the motivation to have the option to continue thinking as typical without interruptions. Descartes makes reference to this in his statement, â€Å"Hence, it appears to me I would do well to bamboozle myself by turning my will in totally the contrary bearings and imagine for a period that these assessments are completely bogus and imaginary† (22 Meditation One). Descartes at that point infers that a shrewd virtuoso has decided to bamboozle him so all that he thinks he knows isn't accurate, â€Å"I won't assume a remarkably decent God, the wellspring of truth, yet rather a detestable virtuoso, especially amazing and smart, who has coordinated his whole exertion at misleading me† (22 Mediation One). With Descartes questioning every one of his convictions he ensures that he isn't persuaded in what isn't genuine by the supposed â€Å"evil genius† he specifies in the First Meditation. With respect to the inquiry, does Descartes give off an impression of being a doubter? I would need to state no, the explanation I state this is in spite of the fact that Descartes appears to be a doubter in the entirety of his contentions, he shows hypotheses to every one of his questions. At the point when Descartes speaks to an explanation behind his uncertainty this can't be seen a wariness any longer as doubt as characterized is the philosophical situation as indicated by which information is unimaginable. Descartes speaks to information on every theme he questions, regarding why it ought to be questioned and for what reasons. Descartes doesn't continually question everything for reasons unknown, a cynic questions everything around them for reasons unknown at all. To demonstrate this contention I proposed we can take a gander at the First Meditation when Descartes denies the idea that he may be crazy, which is appeared in his statement, â€Å"Unless maybe I were to compare myself to the crazy, however such individuals are frantic, and I would show up no less distraught, were I to accept their conduct for instance for myself† (19 Meditation One). In this statement it demonstrates that all the questions Descartes is making in the First Meditation are intelligent, and give reason. Descartes isn't simply questioning for questioning, however for rationale that causes this uncertainty he is encountering. This presumes Descartes isn't a cynic, and his contentions in truth to keep on developing, while at the same time keeping up sensible explanation for them.

Feudalsim :: European Europe History

Feudalsim During the Middle Ages, nations battled and contended for land and pride. The fundamental objective of the pioneers of these nations was worldwide mastery. With a few nations battling for one reason, there was no way they would resolve their disparities calmly, frequently prompting wars and clashes. Feudalism was the staple of European government. In spite of the fact that it served medieval legislators well, the social structure was unimaginably lopsided, which was the principle explanation behind its defeat. The formation of this type of government is accepted by researchers to have been back in the ninth century, A... the foundations of feudalism increased quickened association in the ninth century ...@ (Bunsen 179). This expresses the most persuasive nations and districts started to shape during this time. AIts starting points, in any case, were followed to the separation of centralization of the Roman Empire ...@ (Bunsen 179). This implies even before the medieval regions started to create, proof of primitive social orders was being brainstormed. At the point when the Roman domain fell, it left numerous rich landowners spread all through the European scene. For each well off landowner there were numerous less fortunate, less unmistakable ex-roman residents. AThey concluded in this way to praise themselves to proprietors, giving up to a master as an end-result of security and the option to cultivate the properties@ (Bunsen 179). This was the start of the medieval countries. Different areas would advance, yet generally these were the more conspicuous nations. The offspring of the men who claimed the land would acquire the land just as some other property possessed by their dads. This custom kept rich individuals rich and needy individuals poor. Individuals who traded their property for insurance were protected from restricting foes by knights, infantrymen and horsemen. The vassal rendered to his master certain administrations notwithstanding providing his amount of equipped knights (Bishop 110). The essential safeguard for a master was his knight. AThe knights shaped the center of the lord=s family unit; a significant number of them lived forever inside the palace dividers and were taken care of and housed by him@ (Barbara 269). Knights that were given reverence by their masters didn't generally require any land however were as yet paid in fiefs, which were stretches of land paid to whomever. AThese family unit knights didn't require an award of land on which to live, however they frequently got it all the same@ (Barbara 269). This indicated the bias the rulers and lords felt and communicated to privileged residents.

ELL Families and Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ELL Families and Schools - Essay Example A few ELLs are acquainted with English in a manner at home and at an early age. In many cases, be that as it may, this is in a decontextualized style and kids who have had not had adequate outside cooperation with exact language practice don't work appropriately when they are set in a normal study hall. Teachers ought not order these kids as having language handicaps; rather they ought to perceive that a sociocultural factor has affected the kids' verbal exhibition and has pinpointed the zone that must be tended to by oral language guidance in the study hall (Ruiz, 2008, pg. 1). Information about print is another territory of enthusiasm for this specific classification. This is especially significant on the grounds that a youngster's perusing capacities are gotten from their insight into print and related regions. Information on print starts before a youngster even starts school. Around then, they likewise begin to figure out how to connect letters with sounds (Ruiz, 2008). Foundation information is another sociocultural impact on ELLs. ... anguage students with constrained English capability can do just as progressively capable understudies on perusing perception undertakings when they do prereading exercises that enact and stretch out the foundation information appropriate to the assignments (Ruiz, 2008, pg. 1). The last sociocultural part that has been distinguished for ELLs is feeling of story. That is, an interior feeling of the typical segments of a story: setting, primary character(s), issue, endeavors to determine the issue, character responses to the endeavors, and goals (Ruiz, 2008, pg. 1). Bilingualism and Home Language Use There is a lot of debate encompassing whether learning more than one language at a youthful age will confound a kid and block their advancement and school. Notwithstanding, examine shows that there are numerous advantages for bilingual youngsters and the sooner they begin using a subsequent language, the better. As per IRC (2008, pg. 1), An enormous number of research contemplates show obviously that bilingualism can expand kids' language capacities and help their advancement in school. Notwithstanding, for kids to encounter these gainful impacts of bilingualism, it is significant that both their home and school dialects keep on creating. Kids who can peruse and compose just as communicate in two dialects have a significant favorable position in school as well as in securing positions after school. The issue with bilingualism in schools happens when youngsters don't have a strong first-language establishment and afterward are not instructed or urged to utilize their underlying langua ge (IRC, 2008). Parental and Community Resources for English Acquisition There are government and state programs promptly accessible to ELLs, however numerous people don't exploit them or don't have the foggiest idea how to access them. There are

MindMeister iOS 4.0 Now Available - Focus

MindMeister iOS 4.0 Now Available - Focus Please note: This article was last updated in 2010 so some of its content might be outdated. For the latest information on MindMeister for iOS, please visit mindmeister.com/apps If you’re already using MindMeister for iOS mobile, you’ve probably noticed an update being pushed to you via iTunes. If you’ve not already done so, please update your MindMeister for iOS here. We’d like to thank each and every beta tester that was involved in producing, what we believe, to be the best mobile mind mapping application on the market today. You’ve not only helped us address a few lingering issues, but also confirmed what we were after in this release: a massive drop in memory usage, making the application far less taxing on your iOS device. Without getting too far into the technical details, we’ve rethought the mobile mind mapping process, and have taken advantage of iOS’s native Core Data model, bypassing our previous usage of XML based storage. In addition to increasing the performance and stability of the app, this new method also makes the synchronization with the live system faster and easier. The full list of new features: Redesigned user interface Support for folders Unified map list Duplicate maps Ability to delete maps online Full background sync Export in .mind format Improved performance Reduced memory usage by 80% New sync architecture Thanks again to all our beta testers, and should you experience any issues/problems with the update, you can always get in touch with us. PS â€" And for the non-iOS mobile mind mappers out there, fret not, as we’re thiiiiiis close to submitting our MindMeister for Android to the Android Marketplace. Stay tuned!

Discuss Securitization in Financial Institutions Coursework - 550 Words

Discuss Securitization in Financial Institutions Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameInstructorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameCourseDateAÂsecuritizationÂis a financial transaction in which assets are pooled andÂsecuritiesÂrepresenting interests in the pool are issued. An example would be a financing company that has issued a large number of auto loans and wants to raise cash so it can issue more loans. One solution would be to sell off its existing loans, but there isn't aÂliquidÂsecondary market for individual auto loans. Instead, the firm pools a large number of its loans and sells interests in the pool to investors. For the financing company, this raises capital and gets the loans off its balance sheet, so it can issue new loans. For investors, it creates a liquid investment in a diversifiedÂpool of auto loans, which may be an attractive alternative to aÂcorporate bondÂor other fixed income investment. The ultimate debtorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬the car ownersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬need not be aware of the transaction. They con tinue making payments on their loans, but now those payments flow to the new investors as opposed to the financing companyCREDIT RISK MANAGEMENTIntroductionCredit risk is the current or prospective risk to earnings and capital arising from an obligorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s failure to meet the terms of any contract with the bank or if an obligor otherwise fails to perform as agreed.Banks need to manage the credit risk inherent in the entire portfolio as well as the risk in individual credits or transactions. Banks should also consider the relationships between credit risk and other risks. The effective management of credit risk is a critical component of a comprehensive approach to risk management and essential to the long term success of any banking organization.For most institutions, loans are the largest and most obvious source of credit risk; however, other sources of credit risk exist throughout the activities of a bank, including in the banking book and in the trading book, and both on an d off the balance sheet.Banks are increasingly facing credit risk (or counterparty risk) in various financialinstruments other than loans, including acceptances, interbank transactions, trad financing, foreign exchange transactions, financial futures, swaps, bonds, equities, options, and in the extension of commitments and guarantees, and the settlement of transactions.Policies relating to limitsEstablishment of sound and well-defined policies, procedures and limits is vital in the management of credit risk. These should be well documented, duly approved by the board and strictly implemented by management. Credit policies establish the framework for lending and guide the credit-granting activities of the institutionAn effective credit policy should outline the following:-Defines the credit concentrations, limits and exposures the organization is willing to assume. These limits will ensure that credit activities are adequately diversified. The policy on large exposures should be well documented to enable banks to take adequate measures to ensure concentration risk is mitigated. The policy will stipulate clearly the percentage of the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s capital and reserves that the institution can grant as loans or extend as other credit facilities to any individual entity or related group of entities.In the exposure limit, contingent liabilities sh...

Bombing Libya in 1986 Operation El Dorado Canyon

After providing support for the 1985 terrorist attacks against airports in Rome and Vienna, Libyan leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi indicated that his regime would continue to aid in similar endeavors. Openly backing terrorist groups such as Red Army Faction and the Irish Republican Army, he also attempted to claim the entire Gulf of Sidra as territorial waters. A violation of international law, this claim led President Ronald Reagan to order three carriers from the US Sixth Fleet to enforce the standard twelve-mile limit to territorial waters. Crossing into the gulf, American forces engaged the Libyans on March 23/24, 1986 in what became known as the Action in the Gulf of Sidra. This resulted in the sinking of a Libyan corvette and patrol boat as well as strikes against selected ground targets. In the wake of the incident, Gaddafi called for Arab assaults on American interests. This culminated on April 5 when Libyan agents bombed the La Belle disco in West Berlin. Frequented by American servicemen, the night club was extensively damaged with two American soldiers and one civilian killed as well as 229 injured. In the wake of the bombing, the United States quickly obtained intelligence that showed the Libyans were responsible. After several days of extensive talks with European and Arab allies, Reagan ordered air strikes against terrorism-related targets in Libya. Claiming that he possessed irrefutable proof, Reagan stated that Gaddafi had ordered attacks to to cause maximum and indiscriminate casualties. Addressing the nation on the night of April 14, he argued Self defense is not only our right, it is our duty. It is the purpose behind the mission...a mission fully consistent with Article 51 of the UN Charter. Operation El Dorado Canyon As Reagan spoke on television, American aircraft were in the air. Dubbed Operation El Dorado Canyon, the mission was the culmination of extensive and complex planning. As the US Navy assets in the Mediterranean lacked sufficient tactical strike aircraft for the mission, the US Air Force was tasked with providing part of the attack force. Participation in the strike was delegated to the F-111Fs of the 48th Tactical Fighter Wing based at RAF Lakenheath. These were to be supported by four electronic warfare EF-111A Ravens from the 20th Tactical Fighter Wing at RAF Upper Heyford. Mission planning was quickly complicated when both Spain and France refused overflight privileges for the F-111s. As a result, the USAF aircraft were forced to fly south, then east through the Straits of Gibraltar in order to reach Libya. This wide detour added approximately 2,600 nautical miles to the round trip and required support from 28 KC-10 and KC-135 tankers. The targets selected for Operation El Dorado Canyon were intended to aid in crippling Libyas ability to support international terrorism. Targets for the F-111s included the military facilities at Tripolis airport and Bab al-Azizia barracks. The aircraft from Britain were also tasked with destroying the underwater sabotage school at Murat Sidi Bilal. As the USAF attacked targets in western Libya, US Navy aircraft were largely assigned targets to the east around Benghazi. Utilizing a mix of A-6 Intruders, A-7 Corsair IIs, and F/A-18 Hornets, they were to attack the Jamahiriyah Guard Barracks and suppress Libyan air defenses. In addition, eight A-6s were tasked with hitting Benina Military Airfield to prevent the Libyans from launching fighters to intercept the strike package. Coordination for the raid was conducted by a USAF officer aboard a KC-10. Striking Libya Around 2:00 AM on April 15, the American aircraft began to arrive over their targets. Though the raid was intended to be a surprise, Gaddafi received warning of its arrival from Prime Minister Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici of Malta who informed him that unauthorized aircraft were crossing Maltese airspace. This allowed Gaddafi to escape his residence at Bab al-Azizia shortly before it was hit. As the raiders approached, the formidable Libyan air defense network was suppressed by US Navy aircraft firing a mix of AGM-45 Shrike and AGM-88 HARM anti-radiation missiles. In action for approximately twelve minutes, American aircraft struck each of the designated targets though several were forced to abort for various reasons. Though each target was hit, some bombs fell off target damaging civilian and diplomatic buildings. One bomb narrowly missed the French embassy. In the course of the attack, one F-111F, flown by Captains Fernando L. Ribas-Dominicci and Paul F. Lorence, was lost over the Gulf of Sidra. On the ground, many Libyan soldiers abandoned the posts and no aircraft were launched to intercept the attackers. Aftermath of Operation El Dorado Canyon After lingering in the area searching for the lost F-111F, American aircraft returned to their bases. The successful completion of the USAF component of the mission marked the longest combat mission flown by tactical aircraft. On the ground, the raid killed/wounded around 45-60 Libyan soldiers and officials while destroying several IL-76 transport aircraft, 14 MiG-23 fighters, and two helicopters. In the wake of the attacks, Gaddafi attempted to claim that he had won a great victory and began circulating false reports of extensive civilian casualties. The attack was condemned by many nations and some argued that it far exceeded the right of self-defense set forth by the Article 51 of the UN Charter. The United States received support for its actions from Canada, Great Britain, Israel, Australia, and 25 other countries. Though the attack damaged the terrorist infrastructure within Libya, it did not hamper Gaddafis support of terrorist endeavors. Among the terrorist actions, he later supported were the hijacking of Pam Am Flight 73 in Pakistan, the shipment of arms aboard MV Eksund to European terrorist groups, and most famously the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. Selected Sources Global Security: Operation El Dorado CanyonAir Power Australia: The Libyan Strike - How the Americans Did It

Analysis Of The Novel Dracula - 1753 Words

(The author and his/her times) Abraham Stoker was born in Clontarf, Dublin, Republic of Ireland on November 8, 1847. He was one of seven children and very sickly. At the age of 65, Stoker died on April 20, 1912, in London, England for reasons that are still unclear. One theory is that he died of syphilis; another suggests that he, most likely, died of a stroke. As a child Stoker was confined to his bed due to sickness, as a way to console him, his mother would tell him Irish folklore. Many of these stories consisted of supernatural characters, such as vampires. From these stories it is said that Stoker added more upon the vampires in the stories he was told and used them as inspiration for his novel Dracula. There are several theories behind what really influenced Stoker, a common one is that his influence derived from Prince of Wallachia, Vlad III or better known as Vlad the Impaler. However, his nephew, Irving Stoker, claims that his uncle was inspired after he seen Count Dracula i n a nightmare after eating too much dressed crab. Stoker is said to have added more upon the vampire characters that already existed during his time. (Form, structure, and plot) Abraham Stoker organizes his book in episodic form; it is composed of diary pages, newspaper clippings, journal entries and letters. This provides various perspectives because he includes many narrators. To develop suspense and contribute to the mood of the novel the author foreshadows important information, such as theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Novel Dracula 1452 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Dracula Although Dracula was not the first vampire novel, the effect that Bram Stoker’s creation had on the vampire genre is undisputable. At the time, it was written intellectual revelations during the 19th century had begun to change what people fear. Archaic legends like vampire stories no longer inspired terror in industrializing areas like Britain. What made Dracula widely successful was the incorporation of modern themes and anxieties with the renowned archetype of the vampireRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Dracula 981 Words   |  4 Pagesmany literary analyses of the novel, Dracula is full of statements regarding gender roles and gender separation in the late nineteenth century. Stoker conveys contrasting female personas through Lucy and Mina. Though these women exist in the same time period and within the same social class, they have varying personality traits that reflect their womanhood in relation to societal ideals and, more specifically, to the men around them. Multipl e times within the novel, the traits of the ideal nineteenthRead MoreDracula Seen in New Eyes760 Words   |  3 PagesDracula Seen in New Eyes Dracula by Bram Stoker which is written in the style of journal entries, newspaper clippings, and other forms of personal narratives from various characters, and their viewpoints of the peculiar events surrounding them. There are many interpretations of this novel, many different viewpoints on the themes of the novel. Carol Senf, wrote an essay called Dracula: The Unseen Face in the Mirror. In this interpretation, there are many different viewpoints and ideas about DraculaRead MoreDracula, By Bram Stoker1148 Words   |  5 PagesIn Bram Stoker’s Dracula, there is a plethora of ways the novel can be critically analyzed, but there’s one theory in particular that I found the most interesting to apply. I used the theory of deconstructuralism to critically analyze Dracula, and to help break down the story into particular meanings and themes that can contradict the typical perceptions and first impressions of the novel. To better help complement my analysis, I read and analy zed another popular article by John Paul Riquelme, titledRead MoreGothic Elements In Dracula Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesBram Stoker s Dracula is a staple of the Gothic Horror genre. It is a novel that has been scrutinized by countless readers since it was published in 1897. While Stoker s novel is certainly not the first example of a piece of gothic horror, or even the first example of a gothic horror story focusing categorically on vampires, it still managed to plenarily capture the attention of the public. But not only did Dracula enthrall the readers of its time, but it perpetuated to be a mainstay of the gothicRead MoreThe Good Will Always Prevail1077 Words   |  5 Pagesvampire fad came from a man who ruled Transylvania named Vlad Dracul, as known as Dracula. Bram Stoker wrote the novel, Dracula, with a gothic-style writing and a combined sense of romanticism. Dracula, by Bram Stoker, should be a chosen reading for this course because, Stoker refrains to many points such as: the good versus evil, symbolism through Christianity, and allegories to addiction. This story is a great novel that shows many aspects of the Victorian era lifestyle throughout these points. Read More Repressed Sexuality in Bram Stokers Dracula Essay1426 Words   |  6 PagesRepressed Sexuality in Bram Stokers Dracula      Ã‚  Ã‚   Perhaps no work of literature has ever been composed without being a product of its era, mainly because the human being responsible for writing it develops their worldview within a particular era.   Thus, with Bram Stokers Dracula, though we have a vampire myth novel filled with terror, horror, and evil, the story is a thinly veiled disguise of the repressed sexual mores of the Victorian era.   If we look to critical interpretation and commentaryRead MoreEssay on Stokers Portrayal of Women in Dracula1193 Words   |  5 Pagesliterature ever created, Dracula by Bram Stoker has been interpreted many different ways, being torn at from every angle possible. Just as one might find interest in interpreting novels differently, he or she might also find interest in the plot, prose, or theme, all of which ultimately lead to the novels overall tone. Throughout the novel, it becomes blatant that the novel contains an underlying theme of female incompetence and inferiority. Thr ough a true feminist’s eyes, this analysis can clearly be understoodRead MoreSexuality In Bram Stokers Dracula1082 Words   |  5 PagesSexuality in Bram Stoker s DraculaBram Stoker s Dracula, favorably received by critics upon publication in 1897, entertained its Victorian audience with unspeakable horrors such as vampires invading bedrooms to prey on beautiful maidens under the guise of night. The novel s eroticism proved even more unspeakable. Received in the era of repression, it remains questionable whether Dracula s readership perceived the sexuality flowing from the page. An advocate for the censorship of sexual materialRead MoreLiterary Review of Bram Stokers Dracula Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesReview of Bram Stoker’s Dracula Prior to the creation of the literary classic â€Å"Dracula†, Bram Stoker spent his time managing the Lyceum Theatre and legendary actor Henry Irving. According to Jennifer Dorn, when the novel was first published in 1897, critics regarded it as a â€Å"pulp fiction potboiler† (Dorn). The novels declaration as a literary masterpiece came many years later. A graduate of Trinity college, Stoker came from a middle class Irish family, the son of a civil servant. The publication

Prenatal And Early Postnatal Periods - 1514 Words

Introduction Season of Birth (SOB) is influenced during prenatal and early postnatal periods and is thought to affect the brain resulting in various personality traits (Kazanteva et al., 2014). SOB may also affect a person psychologically or physiologically, such as with sleep patterns and handedness (Dome et al., 2010). Many of the research done on SOB define season base on the northern hemisphere as spring (March to May), summer (June to August), autumn (September to November) and winter (December to February) (Merriam-Webster, 2015). Some scientists postulate that SOB is also influenced by environmental factors, such amount of sunlight exposed to the individual. Which SOB has been seen in some people with disorders, such as†¦show more content†¦Both the patients who had schizophrenia and the patients, who did not, were divided into subgroups base on their age, gender and income status. There were a total of 631,911 individuals, 306,194 were male, and 325,717 were female. 5,047 of the individuals had schizophrenia, 2,796 were male and 2,251 were female. All of the participants aged from 21 to 60 years old. The age was divided into 10-years periods, from 1950-1959, 1960-1969, 1970-1979, and 1980-1989. Then the subgroups was divided into gender, and further into income status. The income status was divided into low (USD 0-1007), medium (USD 1007-20,000), and high (USD 20,000). The result showed a high in February and a low from June and July. However, overall there were not any patterns that could be observed. There was a significant different was only in female participants (P0.00001). There was also a significant different in female and male participants who had schizophrenia. Months of May, August, and November was high in male who had schizophrenia and deficit in December. However, there was a different research that also focuses on SOB and schizophrenia. The experiment was done in Puerto Rico, with the temperatures ranging from low of 65 °F to high of 78 °F (Carrion-Baralt et al., 2006). Some researchers thought that SOB was influence by temperature. Carrion-Baralt and his team decideShow MoreRelatedThe Stem Cell Therapy ( Iusct )1641 Words   |  7 Pagesare considered to be perinatally lethal or associated with significant disability and morbidity if intervention is delayed to postnatal period (1). Recent advances in prenatal diagnostic techniques have enabled early prenatal diagnosis of a wide variety of genetic disorders. IUSCT has the following advantages over postnatal therapy: the immune system of the fetus at early gestation is still immature; which is the basis for the unique immunologic tolerance phenomenon described many years ago (2).Read MoreThe Role Of Literature Of Maternal Depression During Prenatal Stages1110 Words   |  5 Pages Evaluating the Relationship of Literature of Maternal Depression during Prenatal Stages. Depression can occur at any time. We often hear talk of postpartum depression or the baby blues, which occurs shortly after the birth of a baby. Though we rarely discuss depression that occurs during pregnancy or prenatal depression. There are estimates that as many as 70% of women will experience symptoms of depression during pregnancy, making it a widespread concern. However, these depressive symptoms areRead MoreWhat Are The Effects Of Prenatal Choline Supplementation On Spatial Working Memory?1345 Words   |  6 Pagesalcohol-related deficits. The present review explores the ability of choline, a critical nutrient for brain development, to reduce alcohol-related deficits in spatial memory at three distinct developmental stages. Thomas et al. (2) explore the effects of prenatal choline supplementation on spatial working memory. Experimenters randomly assigned pregnant rats to receive oral injection of ethanol (EtOH) accompanied by saline of choline supplementation during gestational days 5-20. After birth, the offspringRead MoreWhat Is Meant By Plasticity On The Context Of Neural Development And Briefly Describe How It Occurs As A Lifelong Essay1219 Words   |  5 Pages2011). These stages include prenatal and postnatal events that give rise to human brain functioning. The major prenatal events include neural induction, neurulation, cell proliferation and migration, followed by differentiation, apoptosis, and axonal outgrowth. Myelination and synaptogenesis fall into both categories of prenatal and postnatal (Nelson, 2011). Up until the 1960s, researchers believed that the brain could change only during the infancy to childhood period, and that the brain structureRead MoreCauses And Timing Of Premature Infants1043 Words   |  5 PagesJanuary 1, 2000, and December 31, 2011, their gestational age at birth was 22 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks, and they were born in a Neonatal Research Network center† (Patel et al., 2015, p. 332). Evaluation of death was actively followed from birth to a postnatal age of 120 days, death, hospital discharge, or transfer to another center. Infants who remained hospitalized for more than 120 days were evaluated for death until 1 year of age (Patel et al., 2015, p. 332). The primary cause of death was identifiedRead MoreDifferences Between Nutrition Supply And Foetus1719 Words   |  7 Pagesautoimmune reaction. This study examines the how foetal early environment causes mental and behavioural health outcomes in adult life and its potential basic components and methodological difficulties. It relates how early environment links to the disease and developmental plasticity effects on prenatal environment. However further studies need to analyse the impact of particular prenatal element and effort to separate the impact of genetic and prenatal environment. Birth weight associates foetal patternsRead MoreHuman Adaptation Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferences between prenatal and postnatal environments, which can lead to diabetes and obesity in adulthood. In this case, the origins are limited to two or three generations as opposed to thousands of years of evolution as in genotypic—there is no change in biology of individuals. Maternal health, particularly under-nourished indicates a nutritionally restricted fetal environment; the fetus adapts to these conditions and increases its abi lity to store fat, preparing it for a postnatal environment similarRead MoreMaternal Depression Case Study1431 Words   |  6 Pagesand 92 five-year-old children and their mothers, Wojcicki et al. (2015) examines the telomere length within these children. Shorter telomere length has been linked to health conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and obesity in adults, so determining early-life risk factors can improve the health trajectories of many children (Wojcicki et al., 2015). The purpose of the study is to determine the effects that exposure to maternal depression has on telomere length in children as well as the effect telomereRead MoreMothers And Their Newborn Babies Care After Discharge : A Review Of Supporting Maternal Transition : Continuity, Coaching1196 Words   |  5 PagesCoaching, and Control Paulette Dongmo Nanfack Kennesaw State University Overview The postpartum period represents a significant transition in women s lives. This critical period of adjustment is characterized by many physical, emotional, and psychological changes that influence women s experiences, adaptation, health, and wellness. Most stressors in the puerperal period include: the transition to motherhood and associated role change and role stress; and physical stressors such asRead MoreExposure To Social Violence1134 Words   |  5 Pagesweight and fetal distress) were not mediated by mental health status of the pregnant women. However, premature birth was almost completely mediated by depressive affect during pregnancy. The relationship of objective pregnancy outcome measures and early life adversity found in our study strengthens extends previous findings showing that intra-familial ACEs (child abuse and household dysfunction) are associated with premature delivery (11–13) and low-birth weight (10,13). Furthermore, it spread out

Forms Of Resistance Rebellion - 1312 Words

Forms of Resistance: Rebellion Throughout the three-hundred years that slavery was exercised in the United States, there were many forms of resistance to the horrors it entailed. Everything from acts of sabotage, poor work, feigning illness, arson, poisoning, and running away to the North were used to undermine the institution (Foner;Garraty). Perhaps one of the most prolific and impactful forms of resistance to slavery were the numerous rebellions and revolts (Foner;Garraty). Although many revolts were put down quickly after their initiation, a select few significant political effects. The Gloucester Conspiracy, the South Carolina â€Å"Stono†¦show more content†¦The men agreed on a plan to collect weapons and ammunition to lead a march to the governor, Sir William Berkeley to request release from their indentures. This plan was ultimately foiled by a servant and four conspirators were hanged and the others arrested. The Gloucester County conspiracy was significant in a few different ways. Firstly, the conspiracy staged a rebellion on a scale never before imagined compared to the small acts of disobedience sometimes encountered with servants. The revolt included weapons and enough intent and ambition to use them, which may have caused a violent and bloody outcome. Secondly, the timing of the conspiracy was in the middle of a transition from servitude to full enslavement in the Virginia Colonies. The great demand for labor was at its high point of the time and landowners desperately needed some form of it (Wolfe). This is significant because although indentured servitude is not entirely slavery, the fact that a group of people would be angry enough to harm or kill to attain freedom scared many owners, and slavery would only cause greater anger. The 1739 Stono Rebellion was arguably the bloodiest revolt in the history of colonial America and was definitely one of the most frightening. By the end of the uprising, over sixty people were dead and the South Carolina colony was left bewi ldered (Stono Rebellion). Named the â€Å"Stono Rebellion† for its location

Food Web Diagram Free Essays

Mojave Desert Organisms * Planate (Vegetation) – Brittle Bush, California Juniper, Creosote Bush, Common Saltbush, Joshua Tree, Mojave Aster, and Triangle-leaf Bursage * Animalia (Animals) – Mammals include coyote, desert bighorn sheep, desert kit fox, spotted skunk, spotted bat, black-tailed jackrabbit, ground squirrels, kangaroo rat and white-footed mouse. Birds include eagles, hawks, owls, quail, roadrunners, finches, warblers and orioles. Reptiles include desert (Gopher Tortoise), several species of rattlesnakes and chuckwalla lizard * Micro-organisms – Fungi (penicillium), monera (mycorrhizae, lichens, azotobacter and streptomycetes, mycoplasmas, and cyanobacteria) Coyote Canus latrans * Organs are essentially the same as humans with minor adaptations * Lungs are bigger for more oxygen intake while being active * The part of the brain referred to as the â€Å"lizard brain† is slightly larger than that of a normal human * Unlike humans, they can digest raw meat with no negative side effects * Their metabolisms are faster They have a Jacobson’s organ that gives scent information to the brain The Roadrunner Geococcyx californianus * Reabsorbs water from feces and excretes excess salt through a nasal gland * Will extract water from its lizard prey * Reduces activity 50% during the heat of midday P C D Desert Food Chains Food chains allow us to examine the basics of how energy passes through an ecosys tem. We will write a custom essay sample on Food Web Diagram or any similar topic only for you Order Now Producer | Consumer | Predator | A food chain is sequence of plants, herbivores and carnivores, through which energy and materials move within an ecosystem. Food chains are usually short and not more than three or four links. They usually consist of a producer, a consumer and a predator, with the predator being the top of the food chain. The top of the desert food chain does eventually die though, and is returned to the bottom of the chain as nutrients by decomposers. Typical Desert Food Chains Mountain Lion Mule Deer Plant (forbs)| Coyote Quail Plant (shrub seeds)| Snakes Lizards Insects Plant (wildflower/grass | Hawk Snakes Rats Plant (seeds)| Typical Desert Food Pyramid Tertiary Consumers Carnivores These are high level consumers, carnivores that will eat other carnivores. Secondary Consumers Small Carnivores The predators are the secondary consumers. They occupy the third trophic level. Again we see cold-blooded animals, such as snakes, insect-eating lizards, and tarantulas. Only about 2 Kilocalories per square meter per year are stored in their bodies. In the harsher desert environments, they are the top predators. Primary Consumers Herbivores These animals are usually small and eat little. Many are insects, or reptiles, who are cold blooded and who use less energy to maintain their bodies than mammals and birds do. As food for predators, they provide about 20 Kilocalories per square meter per year for predators. Including: Ants and other insects, rats and mice, some reptiles the largest of which are the tortoise and chuckwalla. Primary Producers Plants These are plants that make food through photosynthesis. Limited by the availability of water, they produce fewer than 200 Kilocalories of food for the animals for each square meter each year. Including: Trees, shrubs, cactus, wildflowers, grasses Primary Producers: is occupied by the primary producers-plants. Plants produce energy from photosynthesis. Plants produce energy to use for survival, growth and to store when production resources are not available. Primary Consumers: Primary consumers are the animals that eat the plants. These animals, including insects, mammals, such as the desert pocket mouse, food is consumed and converted to energy. References Blue Planet Biomes. (2011). Mojave Desert. Retrieved from http://www. blueplanet Biomes. org/mojave_desert. htm Desert Wildlife. (2011). Digital-Desert. Retrieved from http://digital-desert. com/wildlife/ coyote. html Google. (2011). Google Images. Retrieved from http://www. google. com/imagres? q=†¦ How to cite Food Web Diagram, Essays

Effects of cartoons on children free essay sample

In light of the recent Super Bowl debacle, the harmful effects of media on children have once again become a hot topic in this country. One of societys most important and sacred responsibilities is to mold the future leaders of the U. S. during their impressionable years. Janet Jacksons breast baring has awoken America and moved legislators to remove lurid material from radio and TV. I recently testified in front of the House of Representatives to push for increased fines against broadcasters that air and performances that contain unsuitable content. However, what the mainstream press is not discussing is the adverse effects of animation on children. Kid friendly channels like Cartoon Network are no longer safe with its adult programming. Like the use of the cartoon character Joe Camel, children and their parents see cartoons and think safe product. But as we have learned that it’s harmful to give cigarettes to six-year-olds, we need to address the dangerous effects ofSpace Ghost and Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law on our children as well. Cartoon related injuries are a serious topic that America has been avoiding for years. Dozen of our children each year fall prey to being over stimulated by crazed and/or super-powered characters. How many times will children be hurt under the guise of having fun? It is a note to AWNs balanced coverage of the animation community that it is willing to publish my case study on the adverse effects that cartoons have had on our youth. What you read may be disturbing, but as a concerned parent, grandparent or court appointed guardian, this article is a must read. Afterwards, hopefully each of you will join my call to ban all harmful cartoons. The first reported toon-related incident occurred in 1914, when a 9-year-old upstate New York boy fell from his pony while pretending to be Winsor McCay atop Gertie the Dinosaur. The prep school student was already an experienced rider, but was distracted during a routine trot by fanciful thoughts of bare-backing a brontosaurus. After the release ofSteamboat Willie in 1928, the number of cases of toon-related injuries skyrocketed. Strangely enough one of the most publicized Willie ward cases as the hospitals use to call them – was from the same upstate New York town that the aforementioned Gertie fiasco occurred. Many scholars in the field of toon-agedies have looked into the susceptibility of the New England states to toon-related occurrences. Some have linked it to harmful levels of cod in the groundwater, but others feel its simply due to the regions loose liberal attitudes. In the fall of 1928, young Dickie Johnson decided to take the family yacht for a spin around the lake. Unfortunately, the small boy was not yet an accomplished sea-fairing captain and he crashed the family heirloom into the dock, ruining his sister’s otherwise splendid cotillion. This incident spurred the first toon-related injury lawsuit. Dickies father, Gaylord Johnson, filed the case against Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks on charges of corrupting a minor and inciting mischief. When Dickie took the stand in the summer of 1929, he told the jury, I thought if a lowly, common mouse could drive a boat, surely I could too. In other damning testimony, the boys mother, Mrs. Virginia Johnson said, After seeing that crazed mouse in the theater, Dickie became a hellion. He just wouldnt stop tormenting the cat. He even fashioned his father’s ascots into a nest! Disney, not one to flinch from adversity, stood his ground. The case is officially still on the books. Luckily, after a short institutional stay, young Johnson grew out of his Mickey Mouse fixation and ended up founding the hugely successful Orkin Extermination franchise. Such cases grew and grew, as animated shorts became a staple in movie theaters around the world. However, a large spike in reported cases can be seen in 1937 with the release of the first animated feature, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. As chronicled in the Journal of Modern Psychology, hundreds of reports of children being poisoned by tainted apples during Halloween came flooding into police stations across the United States. Grumpy, Doc and their animated housemates were now unhinging the fragile minds of the mentally unstable. The film also garnered the distinction of gaining the first reported toon-related injury to a young girl. That up until this point, only boys had been traumatized can be attributed to the fact that most parents did not let their daughters leave their rooms until the start of World War II, when they went to work in munitions factories. In 1938 after viewing Snow White, 16-year-old Isabel Hart was inspired to take laudanum in a deluded attempt to secure a date to the fall formal. Subsequently, the teenager slipped into a coma for a week. Her mother, Rosie Hart, told the The Local Paper, I dont know what she was thinking. Me and her step-mom wouldnt have let her go to the dance anyway. She has chores to do. Like young Dickie Johnson, Isabel was rehabilitated after a four-year stint in the Lehigh County Metal Institute. After her release she went on to gain a solid job as a social worker helping neglected children. Undoubtedly, her toon-related incident spurred her desire to help other afflicted youth. Years later, Hart sued the Walt Disney Co. for copyright infringement on the feature film, Cinderella. Cases of toon-related injuries persistently increased each year after. However, yet another great rise in the number of incidents came in the dawn of television animation in 1956. For the late part of the 1950s, children didn’t begin speaking at a normal age, directly attributed to Gerald McBoing Boing. Many professional psychologists and government officials feared that it was a secret Communist plot to under-develop American childrens minds. Former Senator Joseph McCarthy even re-ignited his Communist fight against UPA and CBS the shows broadcasters soon after the series started airing. In an interview shortly before his death in 1957, McCarthy said in the magazine Capitalists For a Better Tomorrow, Its got red inked all over it. You know what UPA really stands for? Undemocratic Pinkoes for America. After McCarthys passing, many Boing-busters, as they were called, fought to have the show removed from airwaves. The group later lobbied against all harmful television productions. One of the group’s 1960 promotional pamphlets stated that, the avante-guard imagery in TV cartoons is clearly hallucinogenic and will inspire ruthless and care-free behavior in our young children when they grow older. Plus, they’re not funny. This idea later grew more prominent as the group compiled volumes of evidence against cartoon makers, showing thousands of examples of beat-nick behavior within many theatrical and television characters. The Boing-busters later discovered proof linking the entire hippie movement of the 1960s and 1970s to mind altering cartoons. Mina Joyless, president of Boing-busters during those turbulent years, in her plea to the U. S. congress in 1969, said, We can directly link this new generations confused sexual identity to Looney Tunes shorts. Bug Bunny often gleefully without shame cross-dresses. In one such short, Bugs Bunny marries Elmer Fudd, who wears a white wedding dress. The homoerotic undertones are obvious, but what is more disturbing in the prevalence of bestiality. The case against animation was weakened once a liberal study released at U. C. Berkeley presented the notion that the U.S. school system was a far greater factor in the under-development of American youth than anything seen on television. Though the scholars were later discredited by allegations that they drank wine in a hot tub, unfortunately, the damage to The Cause had already been done. Though they failed to rid television and movie houses of damaging cartoons, Boing-buster did however, bring toon-agedies into the public consciousness. No longer could animators hide their willy-nilly leftist thoughts under the guise of childrens entertainment. America was taking note of the harmful mental and physical damage that cartoons were producing. However, with everything good comes some bad. Films like Fritz the Cat, Yellow Submarine and Mad Monster Party? were now free to say, Okay you figured us out and make cartoons with no shackles of self-restraint. Luckily, the conservative Reagan administration of the 1980s created a more sterile environment in America. Brilliant marketing by the Boing-busters made U. S. audiences disregard liberal art animations as flower power frivolities, rendering them uncool to the younger generation. Cartoons like The Care Bears and The Get-A-Long Gang acted as sedative elements in childrens lives, counteracting the detrimental effects of Woody Woodpecker, Tom Slick and Tom Jerryreruns. However, the decade did see the most publicized toon-related injury case ever brought to court. The complex lawsuit was brought against all the major cartoon studios for years of continued mental anguish, reckless endangerment and inciting criminal acts. This court case was the first brought against a cartoon creator by an adult who was first afflicted as a child. The family of Devin Grimm filed the suit against Walt Disney, MGM, Universal, Fox and Warner Bros. for years of mental abuse. The case rested on the foundation that between the ages of 2 and 17, Devin had watched approximately 20,956 hours of animation. The daily â€Å"toon† onslaught had left Mr. Grimm mentally unstable, socially inept and tragically â€Å"unhip. † Like many other caring modern parents of the atomic age, Devin’s mom and dad thought the TV would raise their kid to be a useful member of society like many scientists of the time believed. Instead, their son was turned into a reclusive and dangerous lunatic. By age five, Devins parents Mac and Beth Grimm, noticed that their son had developed strange speech patterns, pronouncing rs as ws and ending sentences with beep, beep. † He would only speak seven phrases â€Å"heavens to mergatroid, Whats up doc? , Thats all folks, Exit†¦ stage left, No need to fear. Devin is here and This program was brought to you by the rich chocolaty taste of Ovaltine. His parents were generally unconcerned, finding the behavior rather cute. However, his seemingly innocent cartoon-induced impersonations turned into a nightmare overnight on the first day of kindergarten. Much like any number of famous cartoon characters that flashed through his brain Devin came unglued. If he wasn’t sitting in the corner pounding his head with a large mallet or defiantly trying to disprove the laws of gravity, he was perched atop a row of tall file cabinets screaming, â€Å"Ah, ah, ey, ey, tookie, tookie! † Throughout his elementary school years and into his tweens, Grimm was kicked out of school after school. This is the period where his superhero obsession took hold. So convinced he had superpowers, he would refuse to take off his cape and eat his mothers meatloaf, running away from the table screaming â€Å"You’re trying to rob me of my powers with that insidious Kryptonite log. † He suffered minor burns one night trying to summon the powers of Greyskull with a metal spatula thrust into an exposed light socket. Moreover, signs of a split personality surfaced, when he began maniacally tying female classmates to cafeteria benches, then leaping back to save them later after changing into various odd leotards in a nearby janitor’s closet. As Devin reached his teens his behavior became more deviant and more violent. At age 13, Devin started smoking corn cob pipes exclusively and muttering cocky statements under his breath. No female student teacher was safe from his wolf whistles, howls and screams of â€Å"Aoogah! † In 1984 at age 15, soon after his parents divorce, Devin became very reclusive and began watching more and more cartoons, refusing to watch more normal teenage male programming like sports and sitcoms like Charlies Angels or Mr. Belvedere. During the trial Mrs. Grimm observed, This was the time he began sawing the furniture and speaking in a Canadian accent. We thought it was some kind of teen fad. Grimm’s obsession with animation had by now grown into a full-blown addiction. Much like a junky, Grimm had to feed his need for the most obscure animated programming at any cost. At first, he just borrowed money to purchase bootlegs copies of films like Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs, Thank You Mask Man, and Private Snafus Booby Traps. He left a trail of worthless IOUs all over town. He started devising irrational schemes to gain cash. He was once found at a Williams Sonoma frantically rubbing a copper kettle screaming, â€Å"It’s mine all mine, all mine! † In another incident, he threatened to shoot chickens in the frozen foods section at a local supermarket with a Super Soaker filled with BBQ sauce if they didnt lay a golden egg. Unable to show his face at any of the town’s video stores, Devin hatched a plot to get his hands on a complete collection of Krazy Kat. After eating three cans of spinach and painting anchors all over his face, Devin hid out all night on the roof of Bob’s Video store, where he had hoisted an anvil by a rope and lay in wait for the owner to open up shop. At 9:00 am the next morning, as the owner approached, Devin’s ill-fated plan went awry. Not realizing the rope was also wrapped around his foot, he let go of the anvil too soon, which landed 10 feet in front of the owner, pulling Devin off the roof and onto the rear bumper of a nearby Pinto, causing a tremendous explosion, which burned the hair off all the cats in the adjacent pet stores window display. Grimm was institutionalized after he was ruled not fit to stand trial for the assault. Dr. Buster Mirth took Devins case and soon learned the extent of damage cartoons had inflicted on the teenage boy. After two years of extensive counseling, Dr. Mirth urged the Grimms to file suit against the animation community. The case went to trial on March 7, 1989. Once, Devin took the stand the trail hit a fever pitch. After two hours of cross-examination the lead lawyer for the defense, Dean Gulberry, asked Devin, So Mr. Grimm, you cant maintain adult relations or hold a steady job. Are you blaming this all on cartoons? Devin replied, This doesn’t look like Miami Beach! I musta taken a wrong turn at Albuquerque I mean in adolescence and it has led me to this state, varmit. Race, Dr. Quest, quick, get the transfibulizer! Soon after, several of the studios settled out of court. 20th Century Fox continued on and was eventually acquitted. It seems that so few people had ever seen a Fox cartoon that no one could prove they had any real negative effect on society. Disney finally forced the lawsuit to be thrown out after convincing the judge that Grimms lawyer had stolen inflammatory animation cels from the companys dumpsters. At the age of 24, Devin was released from the mental institution. However, like most addicts, getting clean and going straight was just too much for him to handle. In 1992, after drifting in and out of halfway houses and homeless shelters, Grimm took a job as a writer on the USA Network animated series, Duckman. As the 1990s rolled in, toon-agedies reached an all-time high. The appalling effects of such irreverent cartoons asThe Simpsons, South Park and Pokemon, have been so well documented I will not delve into them here. Pepe LePew cartoons have been linked to teen pregnancy, Goofy shorts to careless â€Å"extreme sports† injuries and Snorksto scores of teen suicides. When will this stop? We must follow the example of Turkey and take broadcasters of detrimental cartoons off the air. Future generations need to be free to grow up unabated from the tyrannical thumb of cartoonic oppression. Dr.Ruebert Saturnine III is a professor at the New Jersey Online University and is the current vice-president of the Boing-busters. He would like to wish you all a happy April Fool’s Day and thank iStockPhoto. com for the use of its images. Cartoons Triumph of the nerds The internet has unleashed a burst of cartooning creativity Dec 22nd 2012 IN 1989 Bill Watterson, the writer of â€Å"Calvin and Hobbes†, a brilliant comic strip about a six-year-old child and his stuffed tiger, denounced his industry. In a searing lecture, he attacked bland, predictable comics, churned out by profit-driven syndicates. Cartooning, said Mr Watterson, â€Å"will never be more than a cheap, brainless commodity until it is published differently. † In 2012 he is finally getting his way. As the newspaper industry continues its decline, the funnies pages have decoupled from print. Instead of working for huge syndicates, or for censored newspapers with touchy editors, cartoonists are now free to create whatever they want. Whether it is cutting satire about Chinese politics, or a simple joke about being a dog, everything can win an audience on the internet. This burst of new life comes as cartoons seemed to be in terminal decline. Punch, once a fierce political satire magazine whose cartoons feature in almost every British history textbook, finally closed its doors in 2002. The edgier Viz magazine, which sold a million copies an issue in the early 1990s, now sells 65,000. In the United States, of the sprawling EC Comics stable, only Mad magazine remains, its circulation down from 2. 1m in 1974 to 180,000. Meanwhile, the American newspaper industry, home of the cartoon strip, now makes less in advertising revenue than at any time since the 1950s. Cartoons go way back before newspapers. They have their origins in the caricatures and illustrations of early modern Europe. In Renaissance Germany and Italy, woodcuts and mezzotint prints were used to add pictures to books. By the 18th century simple cartoons, or caricatures, circulated in London coffee shops, lampooning royalty, society and politicians. Popular engravers such as William Hogarth and James Gillray came up with tricks we now take for granted: speech bubbles to show dialogue and sequential panels to show time passing. But it was the combination of the rotary printing press, mass literacy and capitalism which really created the space for comic art to flourish. In Britain Punch coined the term â€Å"cartoon† in 1843 to describe its satirical sketches, which soon spread to other newspapers. In the United States, the modern comic strip emerged as a by-product of the New York newspaper wars between Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst in the late 19th century. In 1895 Pulitzer’sSunday World published a cartoon of a bald child with jug ears and buck teeth dressed in a simple yellow shirt: the Yellow Kid. The cartoon gave the name to the new mass media that followed: â€Å"yellow journalism†. Newspapers filled with sensationalist reporting sold millions. They even started wars. But in an era before television and film, it was the cartoons—filled with images of the city and stories of working-class living—which sold the newspapers. With most papers reporting much the same news, cartoons were an easy way for proprietors to differentiate their product. After the success of the Yellow Kid, both Pulitzer and Hearst introduced extensive comic supplements in their Sunday papers. Like the papers that printed them, comics rose and died quickly: the Yellow Kid lasted barely three years. But as the newspaper industry overall grew, so too did the funnies pages. By the mid-1920s one cartoonist, Bud Fisher, was paid $250,000 a year for â€Å"Mutt and Jeff†. By 1933, of 2,300 daily American papers, only two, the New York Times and the Boston Transcript, published no cartoons. That was the golden age. During the second world war, paper rationing forced comic strips to shrink on both sides of the Atlantic. Afterwards, the rise of television news culled the number of dailies and all but wiped out evening papers. With less competition, newspapers relied less on cartoons to sell copies. Comic books filled some of the gap, but unlike the newspapers, these were mostly for children. By the 1980s most newspaper cartoon strips were controlled by a small group of syndicates whose executives saw them primarily as devices to sell licensed merchandise. Childish cartoons with weak, universal jokes thrived—think â€Å"Garfield†Ã¢â‚¬â€while more interesting artists struggled to find an outlet for their work. When authors retired, successful strips were handed down to new artists like real estate to avoid jeopardising merchandise revenues. â€Å"Mutt and Jeff†Ã¢â‚¬â€tired by the 1950s—continued until 1982.

Competitive Eating Exposed free essay sample

It is a muggy July day in a packed amusement park in New York. Thousands of people are crowding around to catch just a second of the next twelve minutes. The smell of hotdogs and lemonade is more abundant that any of the other smells at this time. This is July 4 at Coney Island. The Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest is about to start. In the next twelve minutes over sixty people will eat at least ten hotdog and as many as sixty! Competitive eating is an exciting sport that anyone can take part in. There are many organizations for competitive eating, but the most famous is the International Federation of Competitive Eating or IFOCE. There are many events each year. The foods eaten at the event will vary for each event. In New Orleans, there is an oyster eating contest. In Philadelphia, there is a very famous chicken wing eating contest. We will write a custom essay sample on Competitive Eating Exposed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are two different types of events. There are events with set time limits and events with set food amounts. In the first there is a set amount of time and the eater sees how much they can eat in the time limit. The Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest has a set time limit. An eater has twelve minutes to eat a lot of hotdogs. The latter of the events has a set food amount; this means that the eater sees how fast they can eat an amount of food. In the ‘90s, when competitive eating was only famous on extreme sports channels in Japan, an American eater was invited to Japan to take part in an interesting challenge. He was taken into a room and was given 30 square feet of sushi arranged in a line. He ate the sushi in a little over thirty minutes. In New Orleans another event with a set time limit took place. At Acme, a seafood restaurant, oysters on the half shell were being sold a $.50 a piece. Crazy Legs Conti, a local eater, went there and ate over two hundred oyster s. His picture and his record can still be seen framed on the walls. The rules of the sport are very simple and can be explained in three words. The slogan â€Å"Eat Lots Fast† summarizes the rules is a very important phrase for some eaters. The contestant wants to eat as much as they can. If they throw up, they are disqualified. After the event an eater is on the honor system, if they want to throw up they can, but that is cheating and God knows. Before last year, the world of competitive eating was dominated by one man. This man was the Japanese Takeru Kabayashi. Kobayashi is one of the greatest competitive eater ever. In the 2005 Nathan’s Famous Hotdog Eating Contest he ate 56? hotdogs. This was a personal best and beat the world record set by him the last year. The closest person to him was Sonya Thomas who ate almost 35 hotdogs. One reason Kobayashi eats so quickly is his technique. He eats two at a time. He grabs two hotdogs and rips them in half. The two halves in his right hand he dips in lemonade and eats in one bite. He repeats this process with the two halves in his left hand. Another reason he was so unbeatable last year was that while he ate he was constantly shaking his body from side to side. This movement is referred to as the Kobayashi shake. By shaking his stomach while he eats, the food in the stomach is compressed to create more room for more hotdogs. It was also rumored that before the eat-off he ran twenty mile and ate nothing so that he would have all the room in his stomach and no fat on him. One would think that in competitive eating your size would not matter, but in actuality it matters as much as it does in other sports. According to the â€Å"Belt of Fat Theory,† the stomach can expand until the skin on the outside of the body cannot expand anymore. If this is true, then an eater does not want anything to interfere with the expansion of the stomach. Fat will get in the way of the stomach’s expansions ca using the eater to get full quicker. This year Kobayashi was defeated. In his second year as an eater, American Joey Chestnut ate 66? hotdogs; Kobayashi ate 65. Before the eat-off Kobayashi said that he was having jaw problems and may not be able to perform at his best. Would Kobayashi have been able to eat 67 hotdogs if he had been in perfect condition? No one knows. If Kobayashi ate 67, would Chestnut have been able to respond and eat 68? No one knows. Jaw problems aside, the 2008 Hotdog Eating Contest will be one worth watching. Competitive eating is the quickest growing sport in the United States. It is quite simple and most people practice more than once a day. Watching the events are very exciting and when someone watches the events they might be watching history since a record is set a almost every event. This year’s Hotdog Eating Contest had a huge record shattering result. It was also exciting to watch someone who the year before ate twelve hotdogs beat someone who ate fifty in 2007. Competitive eating is an exciting sport that everyone can take part in.

Impact of World War I on Gender and Social Relations free essay sample

Impact of World War I on Gender and Social Relations in Europe BY elektra0915 How did World War I change gender and social relations In Europe? The consequence of the first world war not only Impact on the soldiers In the military, but also greatly changed the societies of the European countries. As a result, the victor countries from this total war preserved their governmental system and social order, and also become stronger; while the defeated nations suffer a lot from the war especially by the treaties signed after the war. The war has ultimately changed the traditional way of living and also the idea of gender. Mainly because of nationalism, Join the army was considered as a heroic thing to do for men. The governments propagandas are everywhere to make people believe that its proud to Join the army. One of the photography from Britain shows a boy plays soldiers toy sitting on the ground, and a girl asks her daddy about war story from the book. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of World War I on Gender and Social Relations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Influence of the propagandas Is great. Almost everyone Is proud of Join the military. While the men go to war, most works are left to the women at home. Traditionally, women were not allowed to be educated and work In the public. Women were mainly depend their lives on men. However, because of the war, massive weapons, supplies, and foods were required. Thus, women were encouraged to work in the factories and back up for the men in the front line. When women work in the factories, they get paid and they dont have to depend on men to sustain their living. When women become more and more independent, they start asking for their own right. Women start to attend public schools to get educated. The first women college opened in Cambridge College. When women learn knowledge, they start thinking of Enlightenment about equality. They ask for voting right and begin the uffrage movement throughout the Europe. The first voting right for women was finally granted In Finland. Not only gender changed In Europe, but also many revolutions take place In many European countries such as Russian, French and Britain. In France and Britain, the war brings a return to traditional forms self-conception. In Russia, the war led to a complete revolution in political and social relations; the tsar fell because of the difficulties brought on by the war. Germany and Austria-Hungary saw their monarchies come to an end. Because of the war, most countries experienced a hardship economic downturn. In Russia, food shortage, declining in purchasing power, and less availability of goods finally lead to the rebellions. One major change is the abolish of serfdom. In Germany, the country signed an agreement of paying huge amount of money to the victor country. What the government do is to print a lot of money, thus lead to sever inflations in Germany. The war has both bad and good impacts on the societies of European countries. People died In the war and also died because of starvation after the war. The economy was depressed In some countries. However, the progress was also huge In ost countries especially in the women movement.

My Last Duchess Cel Essay Example

My Last Duchess Cel Essay Example My Last Duchess Cel Essay My Last Duchess Cel Essay Essay Topic: The Coquette The Heart Goes Last The text I have selected to discourse is My Last Duchess’ by Robert Browning. which was written in 1842. My Last Duchess is a dramatic soliloquy of one side of a conversation between a Duke and a Count’s courier who are negociating a matrimony to the Count’s girl. The Duke’s address about his Last Duchess’ reveals possibly more than he foremost intended to. The Duke shows the Count’s envoy a picture of his Last Duchess. ’ he talks lovingly of the picture and goes on to depict the Duchess. He describes her as beautiful. easy pleased and coquettish. The scene of this verse form is the sixteenth century. where adult females were considered mere ownerships. objects. kid carriers. –not people– and taught to obey orders without contradiction. which could be punishable by decease. In this essay I intend to discourse what I consider to be the poem’s intent and significance. In My Last Duchess the Duke appears to be a really proud. covetous. and good educated adult male. He complains that the Duchess treats his gift to her of a 900 twelvemonth old name as if it were of the same value as the bough of cherries and the white mule given to her by some officious’ sap. He is genitive and commanding. and it is his covetous nature that causes the duchess’s decease. It would non be just to state that the Duke ordered for the Duchess to be disposed of. merely because she flirted with other work forces. he gave her warning and she disobeyed him. In the sixteenth century this would hold been considered a great abuse. Womans were treated as slaves. and if they disobeyed their hubbies or male members of their household so they would be known as an embarrassment to their household and their hubbies. who would hold nil more to make with them. The duchess insults the duke. who is already covetous of her relationships’ with other work forces. who has given her warning. and who she has insulted and go an embarrassment to. the Duke feels he has no other pick but to dispose of her. The Duke chooses his words really carefully when discoursing the decease of the duchess with the minister plenipotentiary. dropping merely little intimations. but giving adequate grounds to take us to believe that did so get rid of her’ . Her decease would hold been quiet and discreet ; which I believe would hold been the Duke’s manner. no dither and no incommodiousness for the duke. Due to the rubric of the verse form. and how the duke describes the duchess as simply his last’ . doing it appear as though there has been many duchesses before her. She was his trophy married woman. and he prided himself on holding a beautiful. immature married woman. but was unable to command his green-eyed monster over those who besides appreciated her beauty. I think the duke has married many times to procure land. money and more significantly. power. The Duke craved power. money and wanted the perfect married woman. who was beautiful and followed his every bid. The Duke is covetous of the manner the Duchess treats other people. non because he loves her and wants all her love for himself. but because he wants her to admit his power over her. The Last Duchess’ was a immature miss when she married the Duke. she could hold been around 13 or 14 old ages old. At this age. although she is old plenty to cognize right from incorrect. and will non be every bit immature as a 10 or twelve twelvemonth old. it is dubious that she is old plenty to get by with so much duty. to be married to the duke for the remainder of her life and to avoid going an embarrassment to her household. To the reader. she may look as if she is simply smiling at other work forces. thanking them for their gifts and crimsoning at regards. Though. to the duke she is smiling at other work forces. the same manner she smiles at him. this causes him to worry that she is being unfaithful. She besides rates his gift of a nine-hundred-year old name the same as any other old gift. non genuinely understanding the value and importance that he believes his name to be. She blooms and smilings. when paid regards. naming that spot of joy into her cheek. of which the Duke is so genitive over. He besides comments that She had a heart- how shall I state? - too shortly made glad. excessively easy impressed ; she liked whate’er she looked on. and her expressions went everyplace. By stating this. he is connoting that she was excessively easy impressed. she liked anyone she seen. and she looked at everyone. The duchess. is immature and immature. she has been warned by the duke she must halt flirtation with other work forces. or face the effects. She sees the Duke’s weak topographic point. his green-eyed monster over her. and returns to tease him. possibly smiling at work forces when she knew she was being watched. this finally. is the cause of her death- her inability to halt smile. He says. Oh sir. she smiled. no uncertainty whene’er I passed her ; but who passed without much the same smiling? This grew ; I gave bids ; so all smilings stopped together. There she stands as if alive. The duchess still smiles at the duke. but besides at anyone else who passes. this annoys the Duke. who. when she disobeys him has decided that he can non take it any more. It all of a sudden dawns on the reader that the Duke has non stopped her from simply smiling. he has stopped her from take a breathing. it is a chilling disclosure. He has ordered her to be disposed of. and so he all of a sudden changes the subject back to the picture. about as if he can’t be bothered to discourse the affair any farther. I think the Duke and Duchess may hold had feelings for each other. and instead than appreciate the feelings of the Duke. she decides to ache them. to badger him. to do him covetous. demoing her immatureness and her naivete of disregarding his warnings. In the opening scene of the verse form. the Duke describes the picture. That’s my last Duchess painted on the wall. Looking as if she were alive. I call that piece a admiration. now. This could easy be mistaken for fancy of the duchess. but he is truly congratulating the picture. He casually tells us that it is his Last Duchess’ on the wall. non trouble oneselfing to call her. as if she were his ownership and refers to her as my. ’ He comments on the painter’s accomplishment and ability to paint her. doing her expression as if she were a existent individual in forepart of them. When the duchess was being painted by Fra pandolf’ . the painter pays her a compliment. which calls a spot of joy to her cheek. which the Duke feels should be reserved merely for himself. He is careful non to uncover his feelings towards the Duchess. although he does unwittingly through his green-eyed monster. He did care for the Duchess. possibly he did non love her. or possibly he thought of her as a ownership and was selfish. declining to portion her smiling with anyone else. but he did hold feelings for her. These feelings grew. and so did his green-eyed monster. the consequence of which unhappily ended in the Duchesses decease. The duke was. at first. lenient with the Duchess. leting her to chat up with other work forces. and when it becomes excessively much for him. warning her. and when she does non take attentiveness of his warning and he worries that his repute will be tarnished he has to move. and act he does. with the Duchess’s decease. Although. at the terminal of the verse form. he asks the minister plenipotentiary to lift. to run into the company that is waiting downstairs. they discuss the dowery which the Duke will have when he marries the Count’s girl. The count so moves on to discourse the statue of a walrus. which he describes the same as he did the picture . doing it look that he did so hold no particular feelings towards the Duchess. and he values the walrus. the same as the duchess. I believe that this verse form is set in the sixteenth century. in the Renaissance period. where the Italian nobility ruled Italy. the hapless had no say and the aristocracy at the clip treated adult females like slaves. In this period of clip. it was unacceptable for a adult female to demo her legs. excessively much of her weaponries. to be caught entirely with other work forces. whether they were guiltless or non. or to be unloyal to those who had taken attention of her. The verse form is set in the duke’s palatial’ house. there could be so be a party downstairs. perchance to compliment the Duke and the Count’s girls future nuptials. There will be many of import people invited. such as the Count. his girl and his tribunal every bit good as many other of import people of the clip. The minister plenipotentiary. after discoursing the dowery with the Duke. will return to the party. to speak to the Count and it will be decided the size of the dowery. and whether the nuptials will go on. This is an of import party for the Duke and he will desire to demo that he has wealths. wealth. power and influence to the Count. so that he will be acute for his girl to get married the Duke. The Duke’s house is large. and filled with art. he seems the type of individual to hold retainers who will be taking attention of the party downstairs. The chief subjects of this verse form are wealths. wealth. power. green-eyed monster and the male dominated society of the sixteenth century. Though there is no subject of love in this verse form. this is non grounds that the Duke did non love the Duchess. he may hold loved the duchess so much. that he could non bear to see the Duchess coquette with other people. The wealths. wealth and power are conveyed through the blue scene of this verse form. the people involved. such as the duke. the count. the duchess. the people who they consider to be below them. such as the minister plenipotentiary. the officious fool’ who gave the duchess a bough of cherries and a white mule that could non perchance compare with the duke’s 900 twelvemonth old name. There is a running subject of green-eyed monster throughout this verse form. and besides a sense of paranoia. the Duke sees the Duchess smiling at other work forces and the thought signifiers in his head that she is traveling to go forth him for anyone she smiles at. Therefore. in decision I have tried to demo what I consider to be the poem’s intent and significance. I have tried to demo how the duke was genitive over the duchess. how she tormented and teased him. how he eventually could non take any more. and she was disposed of. How he did hold feelings for her. but valued her every bit much as a statue of a walrus made out of bronze. How he discusses his Last Duchess’ and his hereafter duchess as if they were points. used for fiscal addition. The duke’s green-eyed monster is a running subject throughout the verse form. and he is unable to command it. or the duchess and he did non desire to lose face to the remainder of the nobility. The Renaissance was a clip when the violent death of adult females for the simplest of things was considered politically right. I have besides tried to demo that I consider this poem’s intent and significance to be about the Duke’s green-eyed monster and low ego regard to do him c onceive of that the Duchess is traveling to go forth for him for anyone and everyone.

Critically evaluate the consequences of the consumers increased Essay

Critically evaluate the consequences of the consumers increased expectation that news should be free for content producers, advertisers and consumers - Essay Example Appurtenant to the digital revolution has been the radicalisation of communication modes, with the inception of chat rooms, email, instant messaging and blogs. In turn these novel communication modes have reshaped social interaction in the contemporary social framework within the continuous movement towards global homogenous cultural paradigms and international business networks (Volmer & Precourt, 2008). Indeed, Volmer and Precourt (2008) refer to the comments of a 2007 interview with Nike vice president Trevor Edwards, who commented that â€Å"gone are the days of one shoe, one advertising campaign, Now you’ve got to engage consumers on every level† (In Vomer & Precourt, 2008, p.2). A prime example of one of these levels is the immediacy of the social network Twitter, which enables instantaneous connectivity with consumers. As such, Comm et al highlight that â€Å"businesses can harness the immediacy of Twitter to innovate and build relationships like never before† (2009, p.xiv). However, whilst the social networking phenomenon clearly enables businesses a much wider level of access to potential customers; the increase in networking and peer to peer information dissemination has led to an increased expectation that news and content should be free (Shimp, 2008; Gupta, 2009). Furthermore, the increase in consumer control has led to consumers wanting more information before purchasing and the availability of free information has led to an expectation of free content (Volmer & Precourt, 2008). Accordingly, the increased consumer control and expectation of certain content being free clearly impacts the traditional method of advertising and marketing as a result of changes in consumer expectation. For example, business leader and Squidoo creator Seth Godin refers to the fact that consumers are more likely to be

How did nuclear weapons affect the dynamics of the Cold War Essay - 1

How did nuclear weapons affect the dynamics of the Cold War - Essay Example During this period, Cold War revolutionized global approaches to war. Military growth and development became the subject of the day, especially in both Eastern and Western blocs. High tension also became evident as United States and the Soviet Union embarked on a bid to arm themselves with nuclear weapons. A significant rise in the production of nuclear weapons was anticipated following the end of World War II. Both Eastern and Western blocs feared the emergence of yet another world war as time went by. This fear accelerated arming in both United States and the Soviet Union. These two countries had taken their respective positions as global superpowers, an aspect that fuelled the emergence of Cold War. Over the years, the two countries would accumulate weapons of mass destruction without necessarily engaging in physical war-like attacks. Cold War was a significant factor in shaping war trends across the globe. The Soviet Union consolidated the Eastern bloc while the United States of America did the same on the Western bloc. During this time, no fighting of significant scale was reported. In other words, the war was literally cold even though it lasted for decades. Based on these observations, the Cold War exhibited critical dynamics, most of which were subject to the influence of nuclear weapons. Weapons of mass destruction undoubtedly come with consequences that do not only affect the attacked party, but also the attacker. Atomic energy that is out of control carries devastating and catastrophic implications. With two nuclear-armed nations in a standoff, it was evident that the victims would comprise of more than just the warring parties would. In fact, memories of World War II reveal just how destructive atomic bombs and nuclear weapons are. In the context of war, a repeat of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki attack was an experience that warring nations would rather avoid (Miller,

Williams Syndrome A Genetic Disorder Psychology Essay

Williams Syndrome A Genetic Disorder Psychology Essay Williams Syndrome is a genetic disorder that is caused by a deletion of genes on chromosome seven. It is a rare disorder, occurring in about every 1 in 20,000 births and affects males and females equally. Small upturned nose, wide mouth, full lips, small wide-spaced teeth, a relatively low IQ, cardiovascular disease and an irregular cognitive profile are some classifications of Williams Syndrome. (Laing, Butterworth, Ansari, Gsodl, Longhi, Panagiotaki, et al., 2002). Many of the physical features of Williams Syndrome are due to the deletion of the gene elastin on chromosome seven. There are some aspects of language that appear to be intact for those with Williams Syndrome including social interaction, however, spatial language, number, planning and problem solving appear to be impaired in most individuals (Laing et al., 2002). Not all features of language are affected in children and adults with Williams Syndrome. Williams Syndrome has a characteristic language delay and there is evidence to suggest that language development follows an alternate pathway than what is seen in language development of a typical child (Laing et al., 2002). Laing et al. performed three experiments in order to assess joint attention, pointing and precision grips. The same children were used over the course of all three experiments and mental age of typically developing children was calculated to match those in the Williams Syndrome group. In the first experiment it was found that the children with Williams Syndrome performed atypically on tasks set to deduce the level of joint attention these children were providing. The second experiment administered was used to establish credibility findings of the first experiment. The researchers are observing if the children with Williams Syndrome can establish reference and therefore test t heir ability to point in response to specific stimuli. Laing et al. found that children with Williams Syndrome produced few pointing behaviors. The third experiment determined if the reason for the difference in pointing between the control group and the Williams Syndrome group was due to impaired motor skills. This was found to not be an issue as the children with Williams Syndrome and those in the control group were relatively similar in their motor skills. These issues in joint attention are thought to be part of the reason there is a language delay among children with Williams Syndrome as joint attention and pointing are both critical in language development (Laing et al., 2002). A study performed by Mervis and John (2008) was designed to tests strengths and weaknesses of children with Williams Syndrome with their vocabulary abilities. Mervis and John performed three experiments in order to determine the specific strengths and weaknesses in abilities of Williams Syndrome children in relation to vocabulary. The first experiment used the following standardized tests; the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (vocabulary and matrices) the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-third edition (concrete vocabulary, including object names, action words, and descriptors) and the Test of Relational Concepts (conceptual/relational language). The first experiment compared typically developing children against Williams Syndrome children in two assessments of vocabulary: concrete vocabulary and conceptual/relational vocabulary. Mervis and John found that the Williams Syndrome group performed better on concrete vocabulary than conceptual/relational vocabulary. Even though the scores fo r children on concrete vocabulary were high for children with Williams Syndrome, performance on these tests showed signs that even this area of language is not completely undamaged. The second experiment took the results of the first three standardized tests and included the Differential Ability Scales Pattern Construction subtest. Mervis and John examined the relation between conceptual/relational language comparative of visuospatial construction. The children with Williams syndrome performed better on tests related to conceptual/relational language as compared to scores on the visuospatial construction tasks. Mervis and John (2008) note that Williams Syndrome is distinguished by strengths and weaknesses within the vocabulary element of language. The third experiment used the formulated sentences subtest on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-fourth edition (CELF-4), in order to evaluate a variety of relational concepts. This experiment measured the knowledge of some m ore evolved relational concepts using the CELF-4. It was concluded that not all, but most children with Williams Syndrome have difficulty in simple relational words and it encompasses both relational terms meant to link two words or short phrase and also to relational terms meant to connect simple sentences into one complex sentence (Mervis and John, 2008). Mervis and John determined that children with Williams Syndrome do seem to have strength in vocabulary in general but rather concrete vocabulary. Laing and Jarrold (2007) sought to determine the spatial language skills of children with Williams Syndrome as compared to typically developing children. While noting that some aspects of language are usually intact for children with Williams Syndrome, spatial skills and non-verbal skills are usually the most impaired. In this experiment, the sample included 17 children with Williams Syndrome and 17 children that were classified as typically developing. There were several tests administered: Picture matching tasks, semantic picture matching, Spatial picture matching, grammatical knowledge task, perception task, naming task, and animal knowledge task. The test was given on a computer that displayed 4 pictures at the same time. There was a target sentence presented for each trial, which appeared on the screen and changed depending on the task. Results found that the Williams Syndrome group and the typically developing group performed with no significant differences on any measure excep t perception scores. There was also found to be a significant difference between the groups on the spatial picture-matching task. Due to the problems with understanding the semantics of spatial skills, it was hypothesized that this lends to problems in language processing in general (Laing Jarrold, 2007). For those with Williams Syndrome, there may be a great effort to form appropriate spatial mental models that may form the foundation for the production and comprehension of verbal descriptions of space (Laing Jarrold, 2007). Research performed by Laws and Bishop (2004) studied social communication, which is normally thought of as a relative strength for the Williams Syndrome population. Laws and Bishop performed a study on the different pragmatic facets of language. Groups of 19 children with Williams Syndrome, 24 with Downs Syndrome, 17 with specific language impairment and 32 typically developing children were studied. The Childrens Communication Checklist (CCC) was used in order to obtain data on social interaction for these four groups. On the checklist, there are two subscales that describe speech production: speech output and syntax. There are five subscales that describe the childs communication behaviors: inappropriate initiation, coherence, stereotyped conversation, use of conversational context conversational rapport. Two more subscales assess aspects of development: social relationships and interests. The raters were asked to respond to these items and rate them on a scale of four possibilitie s: does not apply, applies somewhat, definitely applies and unable to judge (Laws Bishop). When analyzed, experimenters found that individuals with Williams Syndrome had pragmatic impairments. The areas that were found to be the most impacted were the inappropriate initiation of conversation and the use of stereotyped conversation (Laws Bishop, 2004). The children do however have very strong expressive language skills and tend to be very social individuals (Laws Bishop, 2004). Since Williams Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder occurring in every 1 in 20,000 live births more information is needed regarding their communicative abilities. There is evidence to suggest that their language delay is due information traveling through a different pathway than with typically developing children. Spatial language is also a problem that with intervention can be improved along with conceptual and relational vocabulary. Pragmatic language is an issue, however the Williams Syndrome population tends to be overly friendly and very strong expressively. It was found that as these issues seem to dissipate in adulthood as well as the Williams Syndrome population, depending on the severity level, these children can live independently or with support.